Graham Bell is Emeritus Professor, McGill University. He is an evolutionary biologist with three main interests: understanding the mechanism of natural selection, interpreting the main features of life cycles, and explaining the maintenance of biodiversity. His lab has investigated major issues in the mechanism of adaptation, using laboratory cultures of microbes to study evolution in real time. He has recently turned to investigating the evolutionary consequences of global change, especially the adaptation of plants to elevated carbon dioxide and the evolutionary rescue of stressed populations.