Julius Caesar Augustus, founder of the early Roman Empire, replaced the estate of the late Roman Republic and raised taxes in conjunction with the glorious incarnation of Christ. Christ's ministry lasted the few days of three and a half years, culminating in his atoning death for the kingdom of sinful human nature. Humanity in faith was individually summoned to accept Christ as the antitypical lamb of God, which takes away the sin of the world in fulfilment of Gen. 3:15. Systems of faith/belief arms would develop for believers to join. Wars of words broke out between churches and civil states regarding the nature of Christ and other traditions. Some systems of faith/belief operated within the Ten Commandments hedge, while others did not. Roman Catholicism did not operate within that hedge, disregarding the fourth commandment, thus showing contempt for the law. Believers in the Dark Ages, Middle Ages, Reformation, and post-Reformation eras broke away from the Roman Catholic Church system to follow Bible truth, causing people to give their lives and even die for their faith.