Bruce Oliver Newsome, Ph.D., is a historian, political scientist, and defence, risk, and security consultant. He held standing faculty positions at University of Texas, University of San Diego, University of California Berkeley, University of Pennsylvania, and the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom. Before teaching, he spent five years at the RAND Corporation, advising national governments on defence and security. He served in the British Army reserves, US Army National Guard, and Texas State Guard.